Apparatus for drawing sheet-glass.



No. 867,948. S y PATENTED 00T. 15, 1907.

I. W. GOLBURN& E. WASHBURN. 'APPARATUS FOR DRAWING SHEET GLASS.

12 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

a .SJJJJPLV 1 APPLICATION FILED MAR. 6. 1906.

SSW

No'. 867,948.- :PATBNTBD 0ST. 15, 1907. I. W.v GOLBURN @L E. WASHBUSN.

APPARATUS POR DRAWING SHEET GLASS.

12 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

AIPPLIUATION FILEDMAR. 6. 1 906.

No. 867,948. PATBNTBD'OCI. I5, 1907.

. I. W. coLBURN a E. WASHBURN.

APPARATUS IOR DRAWING SHEET GLASS.

APPLIoATIoN FILED MAB. e. 190e.

. 12 SHEETS-SHEET a.

Nol 867,948.

'PATBNTBD 00T. 15, 1907.v

I. W. SOLBURN S E. WASHBURN. APPARATUS FOR DRAWING SHEET GLASS,

APPLICATION FILED MAR. 6, 1906.

12 SHEETS-SHEET 4.

PATBNT'D 00T. 15, 1907.` .L W'. GOLBURN a; E.'WASHBURN. APPARATUS P0P.4DRAWING SHEET GLASS.

APPLIoATIoNnLnD nu. 1 v a.

- a' 9 1a SHEETS-SHEET s.

l y PATENTED 001:15, 1907. I. W. GQLBURN & E. WMSHBUMI.A APPARATUS FORDRAWING SHEET GLASS.

APPLICATION FILED MAR. 6. 1906.

' 12 SHEETS-SHEET 6.

No'. 867,948.' f l PATENTED 0ST.15, 1907. I. W.- GOLBURN ALB, WASHBURN.

.APPARATUS POE'DRAWNG SHEET GLASS.

' APPLIoATIoN FILED MAR.' 6. 190e.

12 SHEETS-SHEET 7.

` Memes 4f,

gNq. 867,943.l n S PATENTBD 00T. 15, 1907.' I. w.' GOLBURN & E.WASHBURN. -APPAMTUS Fon DRAWING SHEET GLASS.

. APPLIOATION FILED MAR. 6, 1906.

` 12 SHEETS-SHEET B.

No. 867,948. PATENTBD 00T. 15, 1907.

I. W. GOLBURN & E. WASHBURN.

I APPARATUS POR DRAWING SHEET GLASS.

APPLIOATIONVI'ILBD MAR. 6, 1906.

-' 12 SHEETS-SHEET 9.

,wz-0' Je p n 60 itneooeo 55:1 v I @wx ll- H f NA. 867,948, PATBNTBDOGT.15, 1907. -L W. GOLBURN @L E. WASHBURN.

- APPARATUS BORDR-AWING SHEET GLASS.

AAPPLIUATION FILED MAB.. 6, 1906.

12 SHEETS-SHEET 10.

61cm-nay! No. sev-,94s. ,y PATBNTBD 00T. 15, 1907.

I.- w. ooLBURN anys. WASHBURN.

vAPPMrAfrUs FORDRAWGSHEET GLASS.

APPLIoATIoN FILED MAB.. 6. 190e.

12 SHEETS-SHEET 11.

mmaw @di No.. 867,949. y PATENTED ooT. 15, 1907.

' 1*. w. ooLBUSN S E. vvfAS'1a f1ar 11m.4

APPASSATUS Fon DRAWING' SHEET GLASS.

' -APELIOATION FILED MAE-, 1906.

- l SHEETS-SHEET 12.

UNITED sTArns Parisian -1 omnes.

IRVING W. GOLBURN AND EDGAR WASHBURN, OF FRANKLIN, PENNSYLVANIA,ASSIGNORS, 'BY DIRECT AND MESNE ASSIGNMENTS, TO COLBURN MACHINE GLASSCOMPANY, OF

FRANKLIN, PENNSYLVANIA, A CORPORATION OF NEW JERSEY.

APPARATUS FOR DRAWING'SHIEET-G-LASS.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented oct. 15, i907.

Application filed March 6,1906. Serial No. 304,555.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that We, InvrNG W. OOLBURN and EDGAR WASHBURN, of Franklin,Pennsylvania, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Apparatusfor Drawing Sheet-glass, which invention is fully set forth in thefollowing specification.

This invention relates to the art of glass working, and moreparticularly to the art of drawing sheet glass. In some of its broaderfeatures it relates to the drawing of sheet glass whether thev operationbe a continuous or intermittent one, while in certain other of its mostspecic features it relates particularly to the continuous production ofsheet glass.

The object of the invention is to draw sheets of glass of uniform widthand, within certain limits, of any desired thickness.

As is well known' in this art, whenever efforts are made to draw a sheetof glass from a mass of molten glass, the tendency of the sheet is torapidly narrow down to a rope or thread. Moreover in the continuousproduction of sheet glass, (by which is meant the drawing of a sheet ofglass continuously from a molten mass and severing the continuous sheetinto suitableA sections7 'the' Work proceeding for an indefinite lengthof time) it is necessary to vprovide means for carrying away the glassas it is produced and the division of the sheet into sections; andpreferably there should also be provided means for annealing the glass.

Iny certain previously filed applications by ourselves, as jointinventors, as well as by Irving W. Colburn as sole inventor, therehavebeen described and claimed certain methods and apparatus for performingthese several operations, and the object of the presentinvention is toprovide simplified mechanism and apparatus which in. some respects maybe regarded simply as improvements over structures disclosed in saidprevious applications.

Generally stated, the invention consists in a machine for drawing sheetglass, having a receptacle containing a mass of molten glass obtainedfrom any suitable source, but preferably froma melting tank', incontinuous and open connection with said receptacle, combined with meansfor drawing the sheet of glass from said receptacle, which meanscooperate with devices for holding the sheet to uniform width, .thesheet being drawn in a vertical direction and then turned from avertical to a substantially horizontal direction, and passed through asuitable leer, where it is annealed, after which, as it emerges fronrtheleer, it is dividedjn'to suitable sect 'ons preferably sections ofuniform length.

In bending the glass from the verticalto the horizontal direction duringthe drawing'.operation,l it is turned 'will take place an occasionalslipping or relative 'movement between the surface of the drum'andthatportion ofthe sheet of glass in contact with said surface-which slippingor relative movement has a tendencyto, and in many cases does,slightlyrnar the fine fire finish of the sheet. For the purpose ofobviating this difficulty, the roller in the present invention ismounted upon any suitable frictional bearings and during the operationof drawing the sheet of glass the roller is caused to revolve slowly bythe frictional contact of the sheet of glass with the surface of theroller, no power for positively driving the roller being appliedthereto.' This has been found to afford a perfect remedy for the marringof the sheet 'due to the relative movement between the surface Ithereofand that of the roller. i

In the practical operation of mechanism of this kind,

the entire machine and apparatus is always preliminarily heated orwarmed up before the drawing of the sheet of glass is commenced, to theend that all the parts may be at the proper temperature. Thispreliminary heating would unevenly heat the drum or roller if it werepermitted to remain stationary during the time (some hours) in which thepreliminary heating l occurs, and in the present invention means aretherefore provided for causing the 'bending roll to turn during thispreliminary heating operation, and after the preliminary heating hasbeen completed and at the time when the drawing of the sheet is abouttobegin, the power applied to drive the roll is disconnected, andthenceforth, as above stated," itis moved slowly y by thefrictional'contact of the sheet of glass therewith.

Any suitable means for applying power to revolve the .roller during thepreliminary heating' may be employed, such, for example, as a slippinion, by means i of which theshaft of the drum isY geared or connectedtemporarily to any other moving part of the machine.

In our application Sr. No. 248,288, led March 3, 1905,' we havedisclosed a method and apparatus for holding the width of thesheet-uniform during the drawing operation, -which consists broadly inimparting movement to the surface portion of the molten mass in theworking chamber or pot away from the medialline of the sheet dur-ing thedrawingoperation, and in suitable apparatus for performing this step.Several forms of apparatus for this purpose are disclosed in saidapplcation, one of which is in the form of revolving spheres, whichrevolve within the molten mass o1 glass and inv opposite directions atpoints immediately adjacent to Where the edges oi thesheet are liftedirointhe surface oi' the molten mass. The prcstnt invention provides animproved means for thus impart-ing lateral movement to the surface ol'theinass of molten glass,

said means consisting in a hook or hooks, which, without turning upon'anaxis, do, nevertheless, rotate or revolve in a given orbit within themass nl glass in such Y a manner as to have the hooks tirst dipinto theglass al considerable distance below the surface and tlxcn move upwarduntil they approach the surfacciof the molten mass at about the pointwhere thc edge of the sheet of glass being drawn leaves the molten mass,

whereupon lthe hook thenmovcs outward and downward to again repeat theoperation. Thcre may bc, if desired, a single hook in the mass of moltenglass ad- Ijacent to each edge of the sheetl being drawn; or undercertain conditions itis found desirable to cmploy two manner that one ofthe hooks is at the upper portion of pairs of hooks in the mass ofmolten glass, cach pair of hooks being immersed, in the mass of moltenglass 4at 4points adjacent to the edges of the sheet being drawn, thetwo hooks of each pair preferably moving in such its orbit whileftheother hook is at the lower portion.

The sheet o f 'glass being drawn'and held to uniform' width is, by thepresent invention, advanced from the bending roll to a suitable carrierby which it is moved into an annealinglccr of any suitable construction,preferably one in which the carrier consists of a series ofparallol'rollers mounted on anti-frictional'bcarings and-along whichthe-sheet is :ulvauccd to the cxit end of the leer, where a cuttingtable is located to re.- `ceive the sheet as it emerges from the` leer.An operator stands at this table and places a suitable ruler across thesheet, and with a diamond or oth( r suitable cutting device, cuts thesheet as it'. progresses, (without interrupting its' forward movement,)into suitable scctions.

' v For the purpose of enabling'tlie operator to hold the straight edgeAor other guide 'for the diamond in the position in which it'wasoriginally placcdupon the sheet, means are provided'inovingsynchronously [Withthe sheet of glass', lwhich pick up tho straight x 4edge or ruler and cause it to advance at the saine rate .wh e-'willmovetogether. As here shown, thc-se j ,abutments are Aii 1 theform of twooppositcly placed lugs carriedjby" sprocket-chains on opposite sides oflthe cuttingf'table, which sprocket-chains are drivcn bythe sainemechanism which draws the'shcct of the claims.

glass.

Other detailed features of the invention will be horoin-afterAspecifically described and then pointed out in The inventive ideainvolved is" capable of expression lin a variety of mechanical forms',one of which for the purpose of illustration is shown in theaccompanying drawings, but it is to be understood that said drawings,

are for the purpose of illustration only, and not for thc purpose .ofdefining theliniits oi the invention, reference being had to the claimsfor this purpose.

In said drawings Figure l is a longitudinal, vertical, diagrammaticsection oi our glass drawing apparatus', Fig. 2 is. a perspective view0i the rear end of the leer and the cutting table, showing the straightedge or ruler in operative. position; Fig. 3 is a longitudinal, Verticalsection through a portion of the melting furnace, -and the connectionsbetween the same and the working chamber or pot, with the left-handforward portion o the inaehineor apparatus ior drawing a sheet of glassshown in elevation; Fig. 4 is 'a horizontal, sectional plan o theworking chamber or pot, and the connections from the melting furnacewith said chamber showing the course taken by the molten glass in movingfrom the furnace to the working chamber or pot, and also the paths takenby the heated products of coin'- bustion; Figs..5, 6` 7 and 8 illustratesome of the forms which the hooks for retaining the glass to uniformWidth during the drawing operation may assume; Fig` 9 is a sideelevation of the left-hand side of the external mechanism showing thegearing and connections for applying the power to draw and advance thesheet; and Fig. l0 is a like view of the ,right-h'and side thereof;

Fig. l] is a pla'n showing the gearing by means of which thc vbendingroll is connected to and disconnected from power driven mechanism; Fig.12 is airoiity elevation of the machine with the working chamber 'or potshown in vertical section; Fig. 13 is a broken sectional detailillustrating the exit end of the water conduit passingl through the axesof the various shafts within the drawing chamber; Fig'. .14 is anenlarged detail view of the right-hand side of the mechanism showing themeans for simultaneously revolving or rotating in a desired orbit, apair of hooks within the mass of molten glass', Fig. l5 is airontelevation of said hooks, the working chamber or pot being shown intiansverse vertical section, Fig. 16 is a vertical section taken on theline l-lt, Fig. 9; Fig. 17 is a part sectional and part elevationaldetail illustrating the construction of the carrier rollers in the leer;and Fig. 18 is an enlarged sectional detail ofthe same; Fig. 19 is aside elevational detail illustrating one' form of imparting therotations or revolutions to the holding hook in its desired orbit.; Fig.20 is a side elevation of Fig. 19 looking from the right; 21 is a sideelevation of a different means of holding the sheetof glass to the desircd"width, portions of the apparatus being shown in dotted outline.22 is a rear elevation of the apparatus shown in full lines in Fig; 21;and Figi 23 is a plan of the apparatus shown in Fig. 22. l y

rig..

Referring to the vdrawings in which 'likerefercnce numerals indicatelike parts, 1 is a melting furnace of of lcombustion are conductedthrough suitable flues 5, 5, over the surface-of. the glass as itadvances to the working chamber or pot, this as plainly indicated inFigs. 3 and 4. Afterpassing .over the surface of the Aglass on its wayto the working chamber or pot, the

thereof, which opening communicates in an upward v direction with acentral conduit 12, and this conduit conducts the glass into a chamber13 immediately surrounding the yworking chamber or pot 6.' This chamber13 `divides where it leaves the conduit 12 and extends to the right andto the left around the Working chamber or pot 6 and conducts the glassto the ends of said pot, where it enters the pot through two endopenings 1.4, 14, situated in the bottom portion of the end walls of thepot 6.v By this means, the hot glass flowing froml the melting furnacepasses around or comes in contact with three of the walls of the workingchamber or pot and this hot glass is thus of service in main-taining theglass within the working chamber or pot in proper working' condition.

For the purpose of assisting in maintaining the glass in the workingchamber or vpot at the desired temperature, there are provided suitableburners 15, 16, clearly shown in Fig. 4, which burners are preferably sopositioned-as to direct their flame directly against the side walls ofthe working chamber. As here shown these burners are of two kinds, theburners l5 being` blast burners using gas and air under pressure; `theseburners 15 are `employed when a high degree of heat is desired, and aregenerally used at the time when the cover is removed from the workingchamber or .pot during the operations of the machine. The burners 16 areof the Bunsen type 4and arc designed to supply the heat necessary tohold the glass in the desired moltencondition when the machineis outlofoperation. Manifestly,

either of the burners may be used atany time as may be.

desired.

The working chamber or pot is .much longer than it is wide, and' isprovided at its upper portion with an oblong opening` somewhat greaterin length than the width of the widest sheet to be drawn, all of theupper surface of the pot except this oblong opening being closed byoverhanging walls, preferably in the form of downwardly extending lipsor brackets 17 117 (Fig. 3), which protect the greater portion of thesurface of the molten ma'ss of glass in the working chamber or potfrom'the cooling influences of the atmosphere.

Mounted on a suitable frame-work whose end extends out from the workingchamber or pot is an inclosedv drawing chamberv having a transverseopening or slot in its. bottom immediately above the oblong opening inthe top of the working chamber. This drawing chamber is indicated by thereference numeral 18, and

the bottom opening therein through which the sheet of glass is drawn isindicated by the reference numeral 19 (see Figs. rand 15). f f

l Within the drawing chamber 18 is located a roller orl :drum 20 (Fig.1.), which is mounted upon anti-frictional bearings, asfor example, ballbearings, such as shown at 21 in Fig. l1 4. -These bearings are on theexterior "portionof the, drawing chamber, and the shaft of ythe drum ismade hollow for the circulation of cold water or other cooling Huidtherethrough, in order to obviate the injurious eects of the heatemployed. This shaft is shown at 22 (Fig. 13). Ashereinbefore.statedpthe drum wiuiia shaft sin the form of an idle drumor roller, and during the operations of the `machine is driven solely bythe friction of the sheet of glass passing thereover in the manner shownin Figs. 1 and `14. During the preliminary stages however, when themechanism is being heated up tothe proper degree for the operation ofdrawing the glass, it isdesirable to have the drum and all of the otherparts of the mechanism moving substantially as they would during thedrawing operation in order that all of the parts may be evenly anduniformly heated, and means are therefore provided for gearing the drum`2() with one of the moving parts of the machine. The gearing for thispurpose is shown in Fig. 11, where 22/ is agear keyed to the shaft ofthe drum 20, and 23 is a gear keyed to a driven shaft 24 forming a partof the carrier, as will be hereinafter described. Intermediate the gears22 and 23 is a slip gear or pinion 25, provided with a lever 26 by whichit may be thrown into operative relation with the gears.

22/ and 23, as'shown in dotted lines in Fig. 11, or may be thrown out ofoperative relation with said gears 22 23, as shown in full lines in saidfigure.

Referring to Fig. l, 27 isa shaft within the drawing extending throughthe chamber,. and with their ends projecting through the walls thereof.Within the chamber each of said shafts is provided with a` pair ofsprocket wheels over which pass two sprocket chains 28, bearing bars29,which together unite to form an endless carrier or table for receivingthe glass immediately `after it leaves bending roller 20. Motionisiimparted to the carrier table by a worin` shaft 30 mounted in suitsable bearings 31, 32, supported'on the frame-work ofA the machine anddriven by a sprocket chain 33 extend'- ing from any suitable .powershaft. The worm 34 on shaft 30 `engages a worm gear 35 on the projectingend of the shaft 27, and thereby serves to revolve said shaft, the shaft24 being in turn driven iby the sprocket chains 28, extending over theshaft 27 to said shaft 24.

Mounted immediately above and parallel to shafts 24 and 27 are twoshafts 36 and 37, whose ends likewise project through the walls of thedrawing chamber 18. On the-interiorof the said chamber Ithese shafts` 36and 37 `are provided withsprocket'wheels over which pass a pair ofsprocket chains 38, and carried on said sprocket chains 38 are aplurality of grip bars 39. As here shown, there are' three of such gripbars. mal operative position, these grip bars act to grip the sheet ofglass against one of the bars of the endless carrier supported on thechain 28 and impart the necessary pull to continue the drawingoperation, and at the same time advance or push the sheet which hasbccnalready drawn through the leer 40.'

Power is transmitted to drive the chains 38 through the shaft 37.v

grip bar carrying Referring to Fig. 9, 37

f is a gear wheel keyed to the end of the 'shaft 37, which gear wheel isin mesh with an idler gear 37, turning on a stub shaft-projecting fromthe side-of the machine. Worm 34 gears with4 worm .whe e134, which isintegral with o rhas secured thereto a gear wheel 34 in mesh with theidler gear 37 f By this means the lower por- When in norp chamber andparallel withshaft 24, each of said shafts los l tions of- .thAkrr'ickfet chainsaw-:are drive'n in the same direction'as the upperportionsffthe sprocket chains 28, arid at the-samerate of speed.- as thelatter-sprocket chains.

The shafts Sliand carryingchai'ns which support` the grip barsare'moinited upon bearings.41,.41 on the exterior of the'v machine,which bearings are supported: upon bars 42 pivqted t'o turn about axes'43, 43.; The

outer ends ofthe bearing bars 4.2, 42,'are supported'byadjustablefspring links 44; 44,- which irl-turn are piv- I otallyconnected to cranks 45, '45, attached Ato shafts 4G, 46. On each of theshafts 46 there is keyed a worm gear 47 in mesh with a worm 4.8 on ashaft 49 turning` 'means the grip bars may be elevated out of contactwith the' carrier table within the drawing chamber. This is a veryimportant manipulation in connection with the start of the drawingoperation, as will' be hereinafter more uliy described.

Mounted to turn in suitable bearings 'upon the top of the machine near4the rear end ofthe drawing cham-- ber is a shaft 52, bearing a drum ordrums 53 around which are wound chains o r cables 54 to the ends ofwhich is attached any suitable form. of bait as a bar of metal 55. Theouter projecting end ofthe shaft 52 is provided with a sprocketover-which extends a sprocket chain 56 which chain also extends to andaround a sprocket wheel 57 on the outer end of the carrier shaft 27, asis clearly shown in Figs. l and 10. The sprocket on the shaft 52 isloose thereon, but is capable of erigage'ment-by a clutch 58 keyed tothe shaft and manipulated'hy means of a clutch lever 59 and clutch fork60, as will he readily understood from inspection of Figs. 10 and 12.- I

In starting the drawing operation, the operator inserts a long iron barin front opening (il (Fig. 1)`of the drawing chamber, andthe shafts '36and 37'being ele.

vated so as to'raise the grip bars, lsaid rod'is advanced toth e rear ofthe drawing chamberwhere by means of a hook on the end o'f the rod, itengages the bait on the chains 54 and draws the same forward, the chainspass' ing-under guide roll 62 (Fig. 1)-and the chain drum or drums beingpermitted to run loose or free as thebait is pulled forward. ,After itis pulled. over the roller 20, it is permittedto dropdown throughY thebottoln opening 19 inthe drawing chamber and intothe molten glass in theworking chamber or pot, as will be clearly understood from inspection ofFigs. 1and12. After the hait has been dropped into'the Vmolten glass, itis permitted to remain till the glass sticks oqadher'es thereto when theclutch 58 is .thrown s'o as to revolve the shaft 52,' arid the baitlchains are wound`upon the i drum or drums 53,1-hereby slowly elevatingthe bait with the glass adhering thereto in. sheet form and-drawing itover the roll 20 along over the top o f thel carrier table and out fromunder the guide rol1 62. At this point a'bar or rod 63 which serves toconnect the chains 54 to the bait 55, is withdrawn through asuitableopening 63 (Fig. 10) in the side-walls of the drawing chamberand the shafts 36 and 37 are simultaneously lowered so-as to bring thegrip bars 39 down upon the sheet'of glass, and thereafter the pulling ordrawing of the sheet of glass is accomplished by the grip on the sheetbetween the said grip bars and the carrier table. During this drawingoperation, in order to maintain the sheet of glass in a sulicientlyheated condition to enable it to be bent readily over the drum 20,'burners 64 (Fig. 1) -play upon each side of the sheet of glass beforeit reaches the roller, and burners (i5 direct their flame upon the sheetof glass at the point where it makes it bend over the roller. Inaddition to these burners, there are preferably employed burners 66entering the front end of the chamber at its upper portion, and theseburners direct their fiarne into the front portion of the Chamber,preferably against a depending partition Wall 67 which acts to directthe heat from the immers G6 downward upon the sheet of'glass,

and at the same time prevent the heat from becoming too intense in thatportion o f the drawing chamberl in ,which is located the carrier tableand the grip bars and other mechanism.

For the purposeof' overcoming the tendency'of the sheet to narrow ordraw to `a-rope during tho drawing operation, weprovide, on either sidoof the front end of the machine,` bodies-of refractory materialpreferably in the form of hooks, which extend down into the ends oftheworking chamber or p ot at an angle' of about 45,` and provide'means forrevolving or rotatingsaid hooks in orbits which lie beneath the surfaceof the molten glass in the working cham-ber or pot. The orbits of thesehooks are located immediately opposite each other, and have theirnearest points at a distance apart substantially equal to the width ofthe sheet to be drawn. If desired, a pair of such refractory hooks maybe located on cach side of the machine. j For purposes of illustration,the construction is so shown, the two' members of each pair of hooksmoving in their particular orbit in such a manner that one of the hooksis at the 'top portion of the orbit nearest to the surface of the moltenglass at the time when the other hook'is at the lowest portion of theirorbit of movement.

Referring to Figs. 9, 10., 14 and 15, G8 is a spur gear on theprojecting end ofthecontinuously driven shaft 24; which spur gear iskeyed to or integral with a bevel gear 69, meshing with spur gear 70,secured to shaft 71, turning in suitable bearings supported ori part ofthe frame-work of the machine. On the other end of the ,shaft 71 fromthe bevel gear 69 are splined two spur gears 7 2 and 73, the former of4which is considerably larger in'diametcr than the latter, whichgearsare 'arranged to-.jbie slid or'adjusted upon tlie shaft' 7l. bymeans `of bell-crank forked level" 74,l in a way that will.` bereadily.' understood rom'inspection of the drawings.

'.'Ir'nmcdiately below the shaftz71' is a crank shaft 75 having keyed toits end adjacent to the spur gears 72 and 73, spur gears 76 and 77, theformerof which is of lcssdianreter than the latter. These two spurgearsare so spaced and of suchdiameter that when the spur gear- 73 isadjusted into alinement with the spur gear 71,. it engages and operatesthe same, and`when they spur 'gear 72 is adjusted into, alinelnent withvspur gear' the cranks together with one of the rods 76, it engages andoperates said spur gear, the gear 73 being at that time outof engagementwith the gear 77.

By adjusting the spur gears 72 and 73 into a position*A 'between thespur gears 76 and 77, the shaft 71 will be entirely disconnected fromthe shaft 75. This shaft 75 has on its end opposite the spur gears 76and 77, a double crank 78 upon which are loosely hung crank arms 79 and80, which crank arms are arranged to slide loosely through a bearingblock -81, hung on trunnions in fork 82, supported by a rod 83, passingup "through a guide bracket 84, bolted to a part of the frame-work ofthe machine. This rod 83 is screw-threaded at its upper end and has anut 85 threaded thereon, whichnut has its cylindrical exterior surfacecut with worm lgear threads which are engaged by a worm 86 on` a shaftturning in suitable bearings, and having a hand-wheel 87 securedthereto. The crank rods 79 and 80 have clamped thereto refractory hooks88 and 89, the whole being arranged so that the shanks ofA these hooksstand at an angle of approximately 45, land with the lower or hookedends immersed beneath the surface of the molten mass in the workingchamber or pot, which pot has its end walls cut away or formed with aninclined channel 90 to permit-0f the insertion of the hooks as shown.

By revolving the hand-wheel 87, the -worm gear 85 may be revolved uponthe screw-threaded end of the rod 83, and said rod is thereby raised orlowered as the .case may be, thus determining the extent 'of th'e im,-I

mersion of the hooks 88 and 89 .in the molten glass. The power from theshaft 24 continuously drives the shaft 7l, and through the medium of thegear 72 or 743,

and the gear 76 or 77, as the case may be, revolves the crank shaft 75,thereby causing the crank arms 79'and 80, and-with them the hooks 88 and89, to oscillate the supporting block 81, and at the same time .slide upand down therethrough, thereby causing the lower or hooked end of eachof the hooks to move in an orbit, substantially such as indicated bythe'dotted lines and ,arrows in Fig. 15. lf it is desired that the hooksmove at a fairly rapid rate, the lever 74 is thrown so as to bring gear72 into mesh with the gear 87; and on the other-hand, vif a slowermovement is desired, the lever is thrown to bring the gear 73 to meshwith the gear 77, as shown in Fig. ism for operating the hooks directlywith the Vmechanism for drawing a sheet of glass, it will be seen thatthe operation ofthe hooks may' be synchronous with the drawing of thesheet."

Manifestly, instead of employing a double crank on the shaft 75 and twocrank rods and two Hooks, lone of I and hooks might be omitted done,while in other classes of hooks is preferred.

For the purpose ,ofproventing' the molten glass from hardening andpiling up .upon the shanks of the hooks 88 and 89, and thereby cloggingthe working of the apparatus, a suitable burner or burners 91 are sopositioned as to direct their flalne downward linto inclined channelorfway 90, and meltdown the glass which would otherwise collect upon theshanks of the hooks.

In some instances it is found desirable to have the work, the use of twodownward movement, and then as it approaches the 14. By connecting themechan and in certain classes of work this is surface and begins to moveoutward again, have the .movement slowed up, to the end that the hookmay the hooks consume a very small amount of time in geti ting hold ofthe hot glass, and the greater portion of the time 'is consumed in thepositive operation of holding the sheet to its full width. In thisparticular operation,

. the means for causing the hooks to move'in the particular orbitindicated, differ somewhat from those shown in Figs. 9 and 10, and maybe of the character illustrated in Figs. 19 and 20, in which 92 is ahook of refractory material, clamped at 93 to a lever 94, pivoted at 95to a swinging link 96, suspended by pivot 97., to any suitable support,as a bracket 98, connected to the frame-work of the machine. The outerend of the lever 94 is con-l nected as by a crank pin 99 to a disk 100,having gear teeth 101 throughout a portion only of its periphery. Thisdisk is keyed to a shaft 102, supported in bearings 103, having on itsother end a continuous gear 104. Immediately above the shaft 102 isshaft 105, turning in bearings 106, and has keyed thereto, in Athe samevertical plane with the disk 100, a continuous gear 107, and in the samevertical plane as the gear 104 is a segmental gear 108. v The shaft105has also secured thereto l a sprocket wheel 109, engaged by a drivingsprocket lchain 110.

The proportions of the several gears and segmental gears aresuch thatthe small gear 107 engages the segmental gear 101, and the instant thatthe gear 105 passes off of or becomes disconnected from the segmentalgear 101, the segmental gear 108 picks up the continuous gear 104. Thegear 105 moves' the crank disk 100 at a comparatively slow rate ofspeed, while the segmental gear 108 through its engagementfwith thesmall gear 104 revolves disk 100 at a comparatively rapid rate of speed,thereby imparting to the right-h and or handle hand of the lever 94 amovement in a generally horizontal direction, as well as an up and downmovement, the point at which it is connected tothe disk, that is, thecrank pin 99, moving in a circle, ndicated by the reference letters A,B, C, D, E,'F, G and H. ThisV movement of the lever causes the same toswing in an arc on the link 96 at the sametime that the ends of thelever are elevated and depressed, this arc being indicated by theletters from A to H. v This combined swinging and oscillating movementof the lever 94 causes the hooked endfof the hook 92 to travel'in theorbit indicated by the letters A to H, and inthe directioniindicated bythe arrow-heads on said orbit. The relative positions of thethreepoints, viz.,v the crank pin 99, the pivot pin 94, and thepoint of thehook 92, at any given time will be indicated by the correspondv ingletters. It will be seen that while the crank lpin 99 on the disk 100 ismoving from the position G to the position E, `the point' of the hook inthe molten glass will be moving from the point to the point E in theorbit, and the pivot pin 95 will be swung from the position G to theposition E in the arc'of its movement.

Referring to Fig. 19, the gear 107 will engage the segmental gear 101 atabout the time when the crank pin 99 in the position H, at which timethe point of the refractory hook.92 will occupy about the position H inthe small gear 107 'and thecrank pin 99 will move from its orbit. Thedisk will then' -be'slowly revolved by position H to the position G, andthen position F, and

.then the position E, and during that time the point of pying in turnpositions D, C, B and A. This will cause the point of the hook 92 tobequickly depressed, moving from position Eto positions D, C, B and A;that is, it will be caused to quickly dipto the lowest point of itsorbit, and quickly rise therefrom to a point near H, when will-begin tomove slowly in an outward direction, rst rising very slightly, and. thenlowering very slightly. 5 In this way, the-hookis caused to quickly pickup the hot glass well below the surface and bring it up to near thesurface, and then moves slowly outward, thereby consuming thegreater-portion of its time in moving outward.

As hereinbefore mentioned, the power used for mov? ing the sheet ofglass through the leer is the push of the sheet secured by a gripping ofthe same between the grip bars 39 and the carrier table 28, and inorder' that the frictionv of the sheet moving through the leer may bereduced to the lowest amount, the' sheet moves on rollers placed in theleer. These rollers are .of a peculiar construction, clearly shown inlFigs. 17 andl 18. Loosely mounted on a series of parallel` shafts 111,which larefixed in bearings 112, are a series of rollersllS, Theserollers are in the form of disks 114, faced preferably with asbestos115, and providedon each side with hub-like flanges '116, which form,to! gether with adjustable sleeves 117, raceways for ballV bearings 118,A`thewhole constituting a ball-bearing and -raceway therefor of anordinary and well-known construction, which permit the rollers 113 toturn around the shaft vvwitha minimum of friction. i It will beunderstood` that there are a large number'of these shafts 111 arrangedparallel-.to each other and in a' sprocket wheels 123, and sprokclaisame the distance betweer'tzan 4"two'ot 392.011 the sprocket chains 124and the lugs 125 areso arrang rference to the table that the lugs 125projecfupward aboye theV Arranged on each side Osie horizontal plane, asshownin` Fig. 1,.the.same being suitably spacedthroughout the length ofthe leer;

Whenthe sheet of glass reaches the end of the leer,

it emerges from a long horizontal slit 'r opening 119 (Figs. 1 and 2)*onto a table 120. Supported on` the frame-work o f this table aretwoltransverse shafts 121 and 122, bearing on each .oftlreirprojecting.;l ends over each of the sprocket wheels on eachlfsid ofthetable.' Secured to Athesesprocf`lr`f''t'Ichains fat suitable.' intervalsare projectinghigs.125,the'distancelbetween any .two lugs uponthe-'chains being prefs bly the "Lgvip'bars esproket phlll surface ofthe table, as clearly'sl'iowu '1\ "1 and 2. and at the end adjacent tothe leer are two.blocks `126upon which is f laidl a. straight edgeforrule 1 27,arid`as;the lugs 125 -`advance they strike or pick. up-.thestraight edge or rule 127, and push 'iras ofthe blocks-126; carryingthe;

straight edge across the face of the table. The parts are so timed thatthe lugs 125 will pick up the straight edge 127 at just .the instantwhen that portion of the sheetof glass which-has been marred by thegrip` bars 39, is under the straight edge 127, so that the sheet ofglass can be cut along the marred line due to the grip ping of the bars39.' As the sheet of glass, and with' itl the straight edge, continuesto move, the .operator with a diamond cuts the glass along the line ofthe straight edge. 75

In order that the lugs 127 may move in synchronism with the other -partsof the machine, they are connected by means of sprocket whc'cl 128 onshaft 122, and sprocket chain 129 on shaft 27 (see Fig. l0) which isprovided with a driving sprocket 130, for this purpose. I

All 'ofthed shafts which extend through a highly heated palt of thedrawing chamber, for example sh'afts 24 a'nd 36 and the shaft bearingthe bending roller 20, are hollow, and if desired'shafts 27 and 37 arealso hollow, and Coldwater or other cooling liquid is circulatedthroughthese shafts for the purpose of preventing the intense heat fromsofteningv the shafts and causing vthem to bend out 'of alinement. Forthe purpose of introducing water through these. shafts, a water conduit131 (Fig. 9) has branches .leading to allof the shafts above named onthe lcit-hand side of the machine, and connected thereto by suitablestuffing boxes. The How of water is controlled'by suitable valves 132.4In the case of theshafts 36 and 37, the main water conduit 131 isconnected to the hollow shaft bybranch pipes 133, which lturn upon thesame center as the rods 42,-whicl1 support the bearings for said shaftsso that when the shafts are elevated and movethrough the arc-shapedslots 5l, the water pipe connections yield to permit this movementwithout Iany disturbance of the water connections.. The exit "l of thewater from the hollow shafts is on the righthand side, of the machine,and the construction is sub: stantially/the same for all of the shafts.This conistructon is shown in Fig. 13 in connection with shaft- 22, inwhich there is an inverted U-shaped connection which empties freely, andby gravity, by means of'a nozzle, into the pipe connection 136, whichleads to the sewer. By placing in this inverted U-shaped connection theexit of the water passage through.'the shafts, the possibility of allthe waterfflowlng directly out of the-shafts and being emptied at a timewhen 'heat'is applied, is avoided, since the water will rcmain vwithinthe shafts at all times,-an'd when pressure '115 is applied by'openingthe valves 132, this pressure will l act to force the water upward overthe inverted U 134,- aud into Vthe sewer. I The gaseous fuel fortheburners 64, and 66 is supplied by gas main 137 (Fig. 9), which-bysuitable 120 branch pipes, conducts the gas to the front of themachine-and to the several burners, as will be readily understood frominspection of said Fig. 9. lFor the purpose of covering, the workingchamber or pot at the time when the same is out of use, and thereby 1 25shielding the glass in said pot from cooling influences of the externalatmosphere, o. cover 138 (Figs. 3, 9, '10, and 15) is provided, whichcover is preferably a slab of refractory material, of sufficient lengthand width to @lose the opening in upper portion of said pot; and 130-,figures, and forming bearings 142 for a crank rod 143,

to which arey attached crank arms 144, whosedepending ends are pivotallysecured to the frame of the cover 138. The crankshaft 143 has anoperating lever 145 keyed thereto, and by'turning the crank rod throughthe inediuin of said lever, the cover may be lifted, and the truck,whilethe cover is held lifted, run backward or forward upon the track141. It will be understood that there are two of these trucks, one ateach end of the cover, and that two operators are engaged inA moving thecover, one manipulating each truck.

A slightly modified construction is shownin 1.5,'. in which theoperating lever 145 is fulcruined onl the frame 139 of the truck, andhas its load end connected by a link 146 to a portion of the frame ofthecover, and by depressing the handle end of the lever 145/, the coverVmay be lifted and while held lifted, the `truck may be run alongtherail. a l," l It will of course be 'underst'orxltv that various forms'ofhooks for holding the glassto its pr'pgr width maybe employed. Thus forexample@ hess hboks may be shaped as shown in Figs. 3 and' 14, or inFig. 19, or they may assume any one of the forms sli'ovairifFig's. 5, 6,7 and 8, or any other form suitable for the purpose. In some cases,instead of employing the hooks movingl in an orbit, as shown in Figs. 15and 19, revolving bodies Which turn about a fixed axismay be employed,

.as shownin Figs. 21, 22 and 23. In this case, the shafts fortlielfevolving bodies (which bodies are preferably made of refractorymaterial) extend out through the sides of the working chamberor pot, asshownin o'ur previous application, Serial No. 238,592. In thisconstruction, the mechanism for operating each one of the revolvingbodies is substantially the same, and a description of the mechanismconnected with one will therefore be sufficient for both. Referring tosaid Figs. 21, 22l and 23, 147 is a shaft turning in bearings 148,supported by a bracket 149 suitably securedto the framework of themachine. Keyed yto the shaft 147 is a bevel gear 150 which meshes with agear 151 on a shaft 152,

y which shaft turns 'in a bearing 153, swinging by means.

` gage gear 158 on sha1' t 147. as shots of supporting arms 154 aroundthe shaft 152. Shaft 152 extends through .the bearing-:153, and therefractory bodies have their shanks clamped to said shaft by means of aclamp 156 so thaththe bodies 155turn'with the shaft 152. Shaft. 147 haskeyed on the end opposite the bevel pinion 150. small spur gear 157 andlarge spur gear 158. Power shaft 159 has small gear 160 andlarger gear161. splined their-on, so that they may slide togethor upon the shaft|59. The relative arrangement of the parts is such thatgcartit) on shaft159 can en- 'n lfig. 22; or thc two gears 160 and HSI may be shifted-td,left so asto throw gears 160 and l out'of engagent I d'gears `157 and161 into engngcnu-nt. ()r the wo gears lGO'nd ing the bearings 153. A sis't of a worm shaft 166 (Fig.j22) engaging a worm 167 161 may be throwninto a position so that neither one 0f them will engage either of thegears upon shaft 147. By thismeans, the power may be wholly disconnectedfrom the revolving spheresJ 155 or they may be connected so as to give aslow revolution to said spheres, or a more rapid revolution, as may bedesired.

For the purpose of effecting the adjustment lof the gears 160 and 161along the shaft 159, arm 162 is keyed to a sliding rod 163, supported insuitable bearings, and said rod has connected thereto .an angle lever164, by which the rod `163 may be Acaused to slide in its bearings, andthereby effect the movement of the arm 162, and

with it the gears 160 and 161, with whosecommon hub varm 162 is in looseengagement.

-Power is imparted to `shaft 159 through a sprocket chain .165 engaginga sprocket wheel on the end of said shaft, and extending to acontinuously moving part of the machine, asfor example, the shaft 24(see Fig. 21).'

Forthe purpose of elevating and depressing the revolving spheres 155,and thereby determining the extent of th'e immersion of said sphereswithin the mass of molten glass, meansarefprovided for elevating orlower- These means a'shere shown con- (Fig. 21) secured to a shaftturning in bearings 168, and having on its opposite end an eccentricallyplaced-crank lp'i11l69 connected by link 1.70 to the bearing 153. Asshown'in Fig-s. 22 and 23, the worm 166 on the righthand side of thefigures, instead of being turned by the hand-wheel attached to tlie wormshaft, 4may be revolved by intermeshing bevel gears, one of which is onsaid shaft, and the other of which is on a shaft 171, turning inbearings on the frame and extending to the opposite side of the machine,where it 'is provided with a' hand-wheel 172. By this means, both of thespheres can be adj-ustedfrom the same side of the machine.

Insome instances it is desirable to manipulate by hand at'the beginningof the operation the hooks for holding the sheet to its full-width. Forvexample, in

. theconstruction shown in Figs. 19 and 20, the lever 94 may bedisconnected from the disk 100, and the operator by grasping thehandle-end of the lever can swing the same upon link 26, and also effectsuch immersion of .the hook in the massof molten glass as may beeffective-for securing the control of the sheet and holding it tox itsproper width. This .operation might be continued indefinitely with anoperator at each side of the' sheet of glass, but preferably when theoperation is carried to the point Where the sheet is being drawn atuniform width the lever 94 is again connected to the disk 100 and theoperation proceeds automatically.

By the use of the mechanisms hereinbefore described, it will beperceived that a sheet of glass can be` .drawn and held to uniform widthby very' simple mechanism, capable of fine adjustment, and that thesheet of glass being drawn may be readily and at once advanced throughan annealing leer, and cut into sheets of desired length with a minimumwaste of glass. Moreover, it'will be perceived that the mechanism fordrawing the sheet, for holding it to its width, for annealing, and forcutting, are of extremely simple construction,- and all of themoperatesyn'c'h'rnously.

What We claimis; v y. l

1. In a machine or drawing sheet glass. the combination of a re aclecontaining a mass of molten glass,

means for drawing a sheet of glass ot uniform width from said mass, andan .idler roller over which said sheet. is bent to change its directionof movement.v

2. In a. machine for drawing sheet glass, the combina-V 3. In a. machinefor drawing sheet glass, the combination of a receptacle containing amass of molten glass, means for drawing a sheet of glass fromsaid mass,means moving in said molten mass to maintain the uniform width of thesheet, and an idler drum-or roller over which the sheet is bent tochange its direction of movement.

4. In a continuous sheet glass making machine, the combination of areceptacle containing anlass of molten glass, means for continuouslydrawing a sheet of glassof uniform width therefrom, and means moving' lnunison with said drawing means and determining a line of cut, wherebysaid continuously moving sheet may be severed into sections alongpredetermined lines without interrupting the drawing operation` In acontinuous sheet glass making machine, the combination of a receptaclecontaining a mass of molten glass. means for continuously drawing asheet of glass of uniform Width therefrom, a leer` into which the sheetis passed as drawn, and means at the exit end of the leer v moving inunison with the drawing means and determining a line of cut, wherebyftheannealed sheet may he cut into' 3() regular sections along,`predetermined lines.

` 6. In a continuoussheet glass making machine, the combination of areceptacle containing a mass. of molten glass, means continuouslydrawing a sheet of uniform width therefrom, and ruler-controlling meansmoving at the same rate as the drawn sheet, whereby a straight line fQrthe cuttermay he had without interrupting the ad- 1 vancing movement ofthe sheet.

L7'. In acontinuous sheet glass making machine, the combination of. areceptacle containing a mass of molten 40 glass, a leer, with meanscontinuously drawing a sheet of uniform width'andadvancing it throughsaid leer, and

ruler-,controlling devices moving in unison with said drawing means,whereby a ruler may be placcdon the moving sheet-and be moved with itduring the cutting operation. 8. In a continuousv sheet glass makingmachine. the I combination ofa receptacle containing a mass of mo-ltenglass, ymeans continuously drawingr a sheet of uniform width therefrom,and a pair of ruler-controlling abutments `one adjacent to each edge ofsaid sheet, and means moving said abutment's synchronously with saidsheet.

.-9. In a continuous sheet 'glass 'making machine, the

I lcombination of a receptacle containing a mass of molten glass,Avmeans:continuously drawing a sheet of uniform .width therefrom,` aleer through which the sheet is ad- 57'5 vanced as drawn, apairofruler-controlling abut'ments .one

' adjacent to each edge Vof said sheet nearwthe exit end of the leer,and means moving said abutments synchronously .with said sheet.

10. In a continuous sheet glass making machine, the `60 combination of areceptaclecontaining a mass 'of molten glass, means for continuouslydrawing a sheet of uniform width therefrom including grip barswhichseize the sheet.

at uniform intervals, and ruler-controlling means moving synchronously:with said sheet adjacent to the points where A` the sheet has beenengaged by said grip hars, whereby the ,'sheetmay he cut at the pointswhere the grip bars mar thelsame:

11. In a continuons sheet glass making machine, the combination-'fa'receptacle containing a. mass of molten glass, means for lcontinuouslydrawing a'sheet .ot uniform width therefrom including grip bars whichseize the sheet along transverse lines at uniform intervals, andrulereontrolling abutments one adjacent 'to each edge'of the sheetopposite' the ends of si'd transverse lines, andmeansmnin'gsaid'nbutyi'nts synchronously with said sheet, whereby saidsheetmay be cnt along the lines where the grip bars have' marred`the'sheet,`A l 12. In a continuons sheet glass making machine, the 4 combination ofa receptacle containing a mass of molten v 80 glass, means for drawing;a continuous sheet of uniform width`tbe'refrom, a leer throughwhichithe`shect is ad vanced, atable along which the sheet is advancedas it emerges from the leer, and a pair of oppositely disposedruler-controlling abutments moving along the edges of theA4 tablesynchronously with the sheet.

13. In a machine -for drawing sheet glass, the combination of areceptacle containing a mass of molten glass.

means for drawingr a sheet of glass therefrom, a pair o1' oppositelydisposed hooks onevadjacent to each edge 'of the sheet 'being drawn, andmeans moving said hooks in thc mass of molten glass and in a plane ofthc sheet being drawn. I

14. In a machine for drawing sheet glass, the combina tion of areceptacle containing a mass of molten glass. means for drawing a sheetof glass therefrom, a pair of oppositeiydisposed hooks one adjacent toeach edge of the sheet being drawn, and means moving said hooks incurved paths within the molten mass and in the plane oi the sheet beingdrawn. A

15. In a machine for drawing,r sheet glass, thc combination of areceptacle containing a mass of molten glass. moans for drawing a shccttherefrom, a pair of opposiiily disposed hooks one adjacent to each'cdgcof the sheet being drawn` and means moving said hooks in the mass ofmolten glass in proportion to the rate of movement of the sheet be ingdrawn'and in the plane of said sheet.

16. Iii a machine for drawing sheet glass, the combination oi' areceptacle containing a mass of molten glass. means for drawing a sheetof glass threfrom, means for maintaining the width of the sheet uniformconsisting of a pair of opposiiely disposed hooks one adjacent to eachedge of the shcct boing drawn but within the mass of molten glass, andmeans moving cach of said hooks in an elliptical path within the moltenmass and in thc plane of the sheet being drawn.

1T. In a machine for drawing sheet glass, the combination of areceptacle containing a mass of molten glas.. means drawing a sheetofglass therefrom, means for main taining the Width of the sheet uniformconsisting of Iwo pairs "of hooks one pair adjacent to each edge of thesheci being drawn,. and means moving each pair in` thc mass of moltenglass and in the plane of thc sheet being drawn.

1S. I a machine for drawing sheet glass, the combination of a receptaclecontaining a mass of molten glass, means drawing a sheet of glassvertically therefrom, an idling roller over which said sheet is bent asdrawn, a pair of oppositely disposed hooks one adjacent: to each edge ofthe sheetbeing drawn, and means moving said hooks within-thc mass ofmoltenglass and in the plane oi the sheet b'eing drawn.

19. In a machine for drawing sheet glass, th(` combination of areceptach` containing a mass of molten glass, means drawing a sheet ofglass vertically therefrom, an idling roller over which said sheet isbentas drawn, a pair of oppositely disposed hooks one adjacent to' eachedge of.

i of a receptacle containing a mass of molten glass, means for drawing asheet of glass therefrom, bodies moving in said mass to hold the sheetto uniform width, supports for vsaid bodies projecting ont of the moltenmass, and burners directing a melting heat around said' supports.

22. In a sheet-glass drawing machine, the combination of a receptaclecontaining a mass of molten glass, means 'for drawing a sheet of glasstherefrom, channels or ways formed in the walls of said receptacle,bodies moving in said mass to hold the sheet of uniform width and havingsupporting members extending outward through said channels or-ways, andmeans directing a melting heat along said channels or ways around saidsupporting members.

23. In ashect-glass drawing machine, th'e combination

